Social Studies - Late Elementary

14. Understand political systems, with an emphasis on the United States.

14A. Understand and explain basic principles of the United States government.

14.A.2 Explain the importance of fundamental concepts expressed and implied in major documents including the Declaration of Independence, the United States Constitution and the Illinois Constitution.

14B. Understand the structures and functions of the political systems of Illinois, the United States and other nations.

14.B.2 Explain what government does at local, state and national levels.

14C. Understand election processes and responsibilities of citizens.

14.C.2 Describe and evaluate why rights and responsibilities are important to the individual, family, community, workplace, state and nation (e.g., voting, protection under the law).

14D. Understand the roles and influences of individuals and interest groups in the political systems of Illinois, the United States and other nations.

14.D.2 Explain ways that individuals and groups influence and shape public policy.

14E. Understand United States foreign policy as it relates to other nations and international issues.

14.E.2 Determine and explain the leadership role of the United States in international settings.

14F. Understand the development of United States political ideas and traditions.

14.F.2 Identify consistencies and inconsistencies between expressed United States political traditions and ideas and actual practices (e.g., freedom of speech, right to bear arms, slavery, voting rights).

15. Understand economic systems, with an emphasis on the United States.

15A. Understand how different economic systems operate in the exchange, production, distribution and consumption of goods and services.

15.A.2a Explain how economic systems decide what goods and services are produced, how they are produced and who consumes them.
15.A.2b Describe how incomes reflect choices made about education and careers.
15.A.2c Describe unemployment.

15B. Understand that scarcity necessitates choices by consumers.

15.B.2a Identify factors that affect how consumers make their choices.
15.B.2b Explain the relationship between the quantity of goods/services purchased and their price.
15.B.2c Explain that when a choice is made, something else is given up.

15C. Understand that scarcity necessitates choices by producers.

15.C.2a Describe the relationship between price and quantity supplied of a good or service.
15.C.2b Identify and explain examples of competition in the economy.
15.C.2c Describe how entrepreneurs take risks in order to produce goods or services.

15D. Understand trade as an exchange of goods or services.

15.D.2a Explain why people and countries voluntarily exchange goods and services.
15.D.2b Describe the relationships among specialization, division of labor, productivity of workers and interdependence among producers and consumers.

15E. Understand the impact of government policies and decisions on production and consumption in the economy.

15.E.2a Explain how and why public goods and services are provided.
15.E.2b Identify which public goods and services are provided by differing levels of government.

16. Understand events, trends, individuals and movements shaping the history of Illinois, the United States and other nations.

HISTORICAL ERAS
Local, State and United States History (US)

World History (W)
16A. Apply the skills of historical analysis and interpretation.

16.A.2a Read historical stories and determine events which influenced their writing.
16.A.2b Compare different stories about a historical figure or event and analyze differences in the portrayals and perspectives they present.
16.A.2c Ask questions and seek answers by collecting and analyzing data from historic documents, images and other literary and non-literary sources.

16B. Understand the development of significant political events.

16.B.2a (US) Describe how the European colonies in North America developed politically.
16.B.2b (US) Identify major causes of the American Revolution and describe the consequences of the Revolution through the early national period, including the roles of George Washington, Thomas Jefferson and Benjamin Franklin.
16.B.2c (US) Identify presidential elections that were pivotal in the formation of modern political parties.
16.B.2d (US) Identify major political events and leaders within the United States historical eras since the adoption of the Constitution, including the westward expansion, Louisiana Purchase, Civil War, and 20th century wars as well as the roles of Thomas Jefferson, Abraham Lincoln, Woodrow Wilson, and Franklin D. Roosevelt.
16.B.2a (W) Describe the historical development of monarchies, oligarchies and city-states in ancient civilizations.
16.B.2b (W) Describe the origins of Western political ideas and institutions (e.g. Greek democracy, Roman republic, Magna Carta and Common Law, the Enlightenment).

16C. Understand the development of economic systems.

16.C.2a (US) Describe how slavery and indentured servitude influenced the early economy of the United States.
16.C.2b (US) Explain how individuals, including John Deere, Thomas Edison, Robert McCormack, George Washington Carver and Henry Ford, contributed to economic change through ideas, inventions and entrepreneurship.
16.C.2c (US) Describe significant economic events including industrialization, immigration, the Great Depression, the shift to a service economy and the rise of technology that influenced history from the industrial development era to the present.
16.C.2a (W) Describe the economic consequences of the first agricultural revolution, 4000 BCE-1000 BCE.
16.C.2b (W) Describe the basic economic systems of the world's great civilizations including Mesopotamia, Egypt, Aegean/Mediterranean and Asian civilizations, 1000 BCE - 500 CE.
16.C.2c (W) Describe basic economic changes that led to and resulted from the manorial agricultural system, the industrial revolution, the rise of the capitalism and the information/communication revolution.

16D. Understand Illinois, United States and world social history.

16.D.2a (US) Describe the various individual motives for settling in colonial America.
16.D.2b (US) Describe the ways in which participation in the westward movement affected families and communities.
16.D.2c (US) Describe the influence of key individuals and groups, including Susan B. Anthony/suffrage and Martin Luther King, Jr./civil rights, in the historical eras of Illinois and the United States.
16.D.2 (W) Describe the various roles of men, women and children in the family, at work, and in the community in various time periods and places (e.g., ancient Rome, Medieval Europe, ancient China, Sub-Saharan Africa).

16E. Understand Illinois, United States and world environmental history.

16.E.2a (US) Identify environmental factors that drew settlers to the state and region.
16.E.2b (US) Identify individuals and events in the development of the conservation movement including John Muir, Theodore Roosevelt and the creation of the National Park System.
16.E.2c (US) Describe environmental factors that influenced the development of transportation and trade in Illinois.
16.E.2a (W) Describe how people in hunting and gathering and early pastoral societies adapted to their respective environments.
16.E.2b (W) Identify individuals and their inventions (e.g., Watt/steam engine, Nobel/TNT, Edison/electric light) which influenced world environmental history.

17. Understand world geography and the effects of geography on society, with an emphasis on the United States.

17A. Locate, describe and explain places, regions and features on the Earth.

17.A.2a Compare the physical characteristics of places including soils, land forms, vegetation, wildlife, climate, natural hazards.
17.A.2b Use maps and other geographic representations and instruments to gather information about people, places and environments.

17B. Analyze and explain characteristics and interactions of the Earth's physical systems.

17.B.2a Describe how physical and human processes shape spatial patterns including erosion, agriculture and settlement.
17.B.2b Explain how physical and living components interact in a variety of ecosystems including desert, prairie, flood plain, forest, tundra.

17C. Understand relationships between geographic factors and society.

17.C.2a Describe how natural events in the physical environment affect human activities.
17.C.2b Describe the relationships among location of resources, population distribution and economic activities (e.g., transportation, trade, communications).
17.C.2c Explain how human activity affects the environment.

17D. Understand the historical significance of geography.

17.D.2a Describe how physical characteristics of places influence people's perceptions and their roles in the world over time.
17.D.2b Identify different settlement patterns in Illinois and the United States and relate them to physical features and resources.

18. Understand social systems, with an emphasis on the United States.

18A. Compare characteristics of culture as reflected in language, literature, the arts, traditions and institutions.

18.A.2 Explain ways in which language, stories, folk tales, music, media and artistic creations serve as expressions of culture.

18B. Understand the roles and interactions of individuals and groups in society.

18.B.2a Describe interactions of individuals, groups and institutions in situations drawn from the local community (e.g., local response to state and national reforms).
18.B.2b Describe the ways in which institutions meet the needs of society.

18C. Understand how social systems form and develop over time.

18.C.2 Describe how changes in production (e.g., hunting and gathering, agricultural, industrial) and population caused changes in social systems.